läuft noch nicht; slave inverter liest in komischen zeitabständen und es gibt wohl bei einigen Registereinträgen probleme

data_base_influx.py

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 from influxdb_client import InfluxDBClient, Point, WritePrecision
 from datetime import datetime
+import datetime as dt
+import pandas as pd
 
 class DataBaseInflux:
     def __init__(self, url: str, token: str, org: str, bucket: str):
@@ -25,4 +27,22 @@ class DataBaseInflux:
         # Punkt in InfluxDB schreiben
         self.write_api.write(bucket=self.bucket, org=self.org, record=point)
 
+    def store_forecasts(self, forecast_name: str, data: pd.Series):
+
+        measurement = forecast_name
+        run_tag = dt.datetime.now(dt.timezone.utc).replace(second=0, microsecond=0).isoformat(timespec="minutes")
+
+        pts = []
+
+        series = pd.to_numeric(data, errors="coerce").dropna()
+
+        for ts, val in series.items():
+            pts.append(
+                Point(measurement)
+                .tag("run", run_tag)
+                .field("value", float(val))
+                .time(ts.to_pydatetime(), WritePrecision.S)
+            )
+
+        self.write_api.write(bucket=self.bucket, org=self.org, record=pts)
 

forecaster/weather_forecaster.py

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+import time
+import datetime as dt
+import requests
+from zoneinfo import ZoneInfo
+from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
+import pandas as pd
+
+TZ = "Europe/Berlin"
+DAYS = 2
+
+OPEN_METEO_URL = "https://api.open-meteo.com/v1/forecast"
+
+class WeatherForecaster:
+    def __init__(self, latitude, longitude):
+        self.lat = latitude
+        self.lon = longitude
+
+    def get_hourly_forecast(self, start_hour, days):
+        start_hour_local = start_hour
+        end_hour_local   = start_hour_local + dt.timedelta(days=days)
+
+        params = {
+            "latitude": self.lat,
+            "longitude": self.lon,
+            "hourly": ["temperature_2m", "shortwave_radiation", "wind_speed_10m"],
+            "timezone": TZ,
+            "start_hour": start_hour_local.strftime("%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M"),
+            "end_hour": end_hour_local.strftime("%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M")
+        }
+
+        h = requests.get(OPEN_METEO_URL, params=params).json()["hourly"]
+
+        time_stamps = h["time"]
+        time_stamps = [
+            dt.datetime.fromisoformat(t).replace(tzinfo=ZoneInfo(TZ))
+            for t in time_stamps
+        ]
+
+        weather = pd.DataFrame(index=time_stamps)
+        weather["ghi"] = h["shortwave_radiation"]
+        weather["temp_air"] = h["temperature_2m"]
+        weather["wind_speed"] = h["wind_speed_10m"]
+
+        return weather
+
+
+
+if __name__=='__main__':
+
+    weather_forecast = WeatherForecaster(latitude=48.041, longitude=7.862)
+    while True:
+        now = dt.datetime.now()
+        secs = 60 - now.second #(60 - now.minute) * 60 - now.second  # Sekunden bis volle Stunde
+        time.sleep(secs)
+
+        now_local = dt.datetime.now()
+        start_hour_local = (now_local + dt.timedelta(hours=1)).replace(minute=0, second=0, microsecond=0)
+        time_stamps, temps, ghi, wind_speed = weather_forecast.get_hourly_forecast(start_hour_local, DAYS)
+        plt.plot(time_stamps, temps)
+        plt.show()

main.py

@@ -1,12 +1,16 @@
 import time
 from datetime import datetime
 from data_base_influx import DataBaseInflux
+from forecaster.weather_forecaster import WeatherForecaster
 from heat_pump import HeatPump
 from pv_inverter import PvInverter
+from simulators.pv_plant_simulator import PvWattsSubarrayConfig, PvWattsPlant
 from solaredge_meter import SolaredgeMeter
 from shelly_pro_3m import ShellyPro3m
 from energysystem import EnergySystem
 from sg_ready_controller import SgReadyController
+from pvlib.location import Location
+import datetime as dt
 
 # For dev-System run in terminal: ssh -N -L 127.0.0.1:8111:10.0.0.10:502 pi@192.168.1.146
 # For productive-System change IP-adress in heatpump to '10.0.0.10' and port to 502
@@ -22,25 +26,58 @@ db = DataBaseInflux(
     bucket="allmende_db"
 )
 
-hp_master = HeatPump(device_name='hp_master', ip_address='10.0.0.10', port=502)
+# hp_master = HeatPump(device_name='hp_master', ip_address='10.0.0.10', port=502)
-hp_slave = HeatPump(device_name='hp_slave', ip_address='10.0.0.11', port=502)
+# hp_slave = HeatPump(device_name='hp_slave', ip_address='10.0.0.11', port=502)
-shelly = ShellyPro3m(device_name='wohnung_2_6', ip_address='192.168.1.121')
+# shelly = ShellyPro3m(device_name='wohnung_2_6', ip_address='192.168.1.121')
-wr = PvInverter(device_name='solaredge_master', ip_address='192.168.1.112')
+wr_master = PvInverter(device_name='solaredge_master', ip_address='192.168.1.112', unit=1)
+wr_slave = PvInverter(device_name='solaredge_slave', ip_address='192.168.1.112', unit=3)
 meter = SolaredgeMeter(device_name='solaredge_meter', ip_address='192.168.1.112')
 
-es.add_components(hp_master, hp_slave, shelly, wr, meter)
+es.add_components(wr_master, wr_slave)#hp_master, hp_slave, shelly, wr_master, wr_slave, meter)
-controller = SgReadyController(es)
+# controller = SgReadyController(es)
-
+#
+# # FORECASTING
+# latitude = 48.041
+# longitude = 7.862
+# TZ = "Europe/Berlin"
+# HORIZON_DAYS = 2
+# weather_forecaster = WeatherForecaster(latitude=latitude, longitude=longitude)
+# site = Location(latitude=latitude, longitude=longitude, altitude=35, tz=TZ, name="Gundelfingen")
+#
+# p_module = 435
+# upper_roof_north = PvWattsSubarrayConfig(name="north", pdc0_w=(29+29+21)*p_module, tilt_deg=10, azimuth_deg=20, dc_loss=0.02, ac_loss=0.01)
+# upper_roof_south = PvWattsSubarrayConfig(name="south", pdc0_w=(29+21+20)*p_module, tilt_deg=10, azimuth_deg=200, dc_loss=0.02, ac_loss=0.01)
+# upper_roof_east = PvWattsSubarrayConfig(name="east", pdc0_w=7*p_module, tilt_deg=10, azimuth_deg=110, dc_loss=0.02, ac_loss=0.01)
+# upper_roof_west = PvWattsSubarrayConfig(name="west", pdc0_w=7*p_module, tilt_deg=10, azimuth_deg=290, dc_loss=0.02, ac_loss=0.01)
+# cfgs = [upper_roof_north, upper_roof_south, upper_roof_east, upper_roof_west]
+# pv_plant = PvWattsPlant(site, cfgs)
+#
+# now = datetime.now()
+# next_forecast_at = (now + dt.timedelta(hours=1)).replace(minute=0, second=0, microsecond=0)
 while True:
     now = datetime.now()
     if now.second % interval_seconds == 0 and now.microsecond < 100_000:
         state = es.get_state_and_store_to_database(db)
-        mode = controller.perform_action(heat_pump_name='hp_master', meter_name='solaredge_meter', state=state)
+        # mode = controller.perform_action(heat_pump_name='hp_master', meter_name='solaredge_meter', state=state)
+        #
+        # if mode == 'mode1':
+        #     mode_as_binary = 0
+        # else:
+        #     mode_as_binary = 1
+        # db.store_data('sg_ready', {'mode': mode_as_binary})
+
+    # if now >= next_forecast_at:
+    #     # Start der Prognose: ab der kommenden vollen Stunde
+    #     start_hour_local = (now + dt.timedelta(hours=1)).replace(minute=0, second=0, microsecond=0)
+    #     weather = weather_forecaster.get_hourly_forecast(start_hour_local, HORIZON_DAYS)
+    #     total = pv_plant.get_power(weather)
+    #     db.store_forecasts('pv_forecast', total)
+    #
+    #     # Nächste geplante Ausführung definieren (immer volle Stunde)
+    #     # Falls wir durch Delay mehrere Stunden verpasst haben, hole auf:
+    #     while next_forecast_at <= now:
+    #         next_forecast_at = (next_forecast_at + dt.timedelta(hours=1)).replace(minute=0, second=0, microsecond=0)
+
 
-        if mode == 'mode1':
-            mode_as_binary = 0
-        else:
-            mode_as_binary = 1
-        db.store_data('sg_ready', {'mode': mode_as_binary})
     time.sleep(0.1)
 

pv_inverter.py

@@ -1,139 +1,155 @@
-import time
+# pv_inverter.py
-import struct
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-import pandas as pd
+from typing import Optional, Dict, Any, List
-from typing import Dict, Any, List, Tuple, Optional
 from pymodbus.client import ModbusTcpClient
+from pymodbus.exceptions import ModbusIOException
+import struct
+import time
 
-EXCEL_PATH = "modbus_registers/pv_inverter_registers.xlsx"
-
-# Obergrenze: bis EXKLUSIVE 40206 (d.h. max. 40205)
-MAX_ADDR_EXCLUSIVE = 40121
 
 class PvInverter:
-    def __init__(self, device_name: str, ip_address: str, port: int = 502, unit: int = 1):
+    """
-        self.device_name = device_name
+    Minimaler Reader für einen SolarEdge-Inverter hinter Modbus-TCP→RTU-Gateway.
-        self.ip = ip_address
+    Liest nur die bekannten Register (wie im funktionierenden Skript).
-        self.port = port
+    Kompatibel mit pymodbus 2.5.x und 3.x – kein retry_on_empty.
-        self.unit = unit
+    """
-        self.client: Optional[ModbusTcpClient] = None
-        self.registers: Dict[int, Dict[str, Any]] = {}  # addr -> {"desc":..., "type":...}
-        self.connect_to_modbus()
-        self.load_registers(EXCEL_PATH)
 
-    # ---------- Verbindung ----------
+    def __init__(
-    def connect_to_modbus(self):
+        self,
-        self.client = ModbusTcpClient(self.ip, port=self.port, timeout=3.0, retries=3)
+        device_name: str,
+        ip_address: str,
+        port: int = 502,
+        unit_id: int = 1,
+        timeout: float = 1.5,
+        silent_interval: float = 0.02,
+    ):
+        self.device_name = device_name
+        self.host = ip_address
+        self.port = port
+        self.unit = unit_id
+        self.timeout = timeout
+        self.silent_interval = silent_interval
+        self.client: Optional[ModbusTcpClient] = None
+        self._connect()
+
+    # ---------------- Verbindung ----------------
+    def _connect(self):
+        # retries=0: keine internen Mehrfachversuche
+        self.client = ModbusTcpClient(self.host, port=self.port, timeout=self.timeout, retries=0)
         if not self.client.connect():
-            print("❌ Verbindung zu Wechselrichter fehlgeschlagen.")
+            raise ConnectionError(f"Verbindung zu {self.device_name} ({self.host}:{self.port}) fehlgeschlagen.")
-            raise SystemExit(1)
+        print(f"✅ Verbindung hergestellt zu {self.device_name} ({self.host}:{self.port}, unit={self.unit})")
-        print("✅ Verbindung zu Wechselrichter hergestellt.")
 
     def close(self):
         if self.client:
             self.client.close()
             self.client = None
 
-    # ---------- Register-Liste ----------
+    # ---------------- Low-Level Lesen ----------------
-    def load_registers(self, excel_path: str):
+    def _read_regs(self, addr: int, count: int) -> Optional[List[int]]:
-        xls = pd.ExcelFile(excel_path)
+        """Liest 'count' Holding-Register ab base-0 'addr' für die konfigurierte Unit-ID."""
-        df = xls.parse()
+        try:
-        # Passe Spaltennamen hier an, falls nötig:
+            rr = self.client.read_holding_registers(address=addr, count=count, slave=self.unit)
-        cols = ["MB Adresse", "Beschreibung", "Variabel Typ"]
+        except ModbusIOException:
-        df = df[cols].dropna()
+            time.sleep(self.silent_interval)
-        df["MB Adresse"] = df["MB Adresse"].astype(int)
+            return None
+        except Exception:
+            time.sleep(self.silent_interval)
+            return None
 
-        # 1) Vorab-Filter: nur Adressen < 40206 übernehmen
+        time.sleep(self.silent_interval)
-        df = df[df["MB Adresse"] < MAX_ADDR_EXCLUSIVE]
+        if not rr or rr.isError():
+            return None
+        return rr.registers
 
-        self.registers = {
-            int(row["MB Adresse"]): {
-                "desc": str(row["Beschreibung"]).strip(),
-                "type": str(row["Variabel Typ"]).strip()
-            }
-            for _, row in df.iterrows()
-        }
-
-
-    # ---------- Low-Level Lesen ----------
-    def _try_read(self, fn_name: str, address: int, count: int) -> Optional[List[int]]:
-        fn = getattr(self.client, fn_name)
-        # pymodbus 3.8.x hat 'slave='; Fallbacks schaden nicht
-        for kwargs in (dict(address=address, count=count, slave=self.unit),
-                       dict(address=address, count=count)):
-            try:
-                res = fn(**kwargs)
-                if res is None or (hasattr(res, "isError") and res.isError()):
-                    continue
-                return res.registers
-            except TypeError:
-                continue
-        return None
-
-    def _read_any(self, address: int, count: int) -> Optional[List[int]]:
-        regs = self._try_read("read_holding_registers", address, count)
-        if regs is None:
-            regs = self._try_read("read_input_registers", address, count)
-        return regs
-
-    # ---------- Decoding ----------
     @staticmethod
-    def _to_i16(u16: int) -> int:
+    def _to_int16(u16: int) -> int:
         return struct.unpack(">h", struct.pack(">H", u16))[0]
 
     @staticmethod
-    def _to_f32_from_two(u16_hi: int, u16_lo: int, msw_first: bool = True) -> float:
+    def _apply_sf(raw: int, sf: int) -> float:
-        b = struct.pack(">HH", u16_hi, u16_lo) if msw_first else struct.pack(">HH", u16_lo, u16_hi)
+        return raw * (10 ** sf)
-        return struct.unpack(">f", b)[0]
 
-    # Hilfsfunktion: wie viele 16-Bit-Register braucht dieser Typ?
     @staticmethod
-    def _word_count_for_type(rtype: str) -> int:
+    def _read_string_from_regs(regs: List[int]) -> Optional[str]:
-        rt = (rtype or "").lower()
+        b = b"".join(struct.pack(">H", r) for r in regs)
-        # Passe hier an deine Excel-Typen an:
+        s = b.decode("ascii", errors="ignore").rstrip("\x00 ").strip()
-        if "uint32" in rt or "real" in rt or "float" in rt or "string(32)" in rt:
+        return s or None
-            return 2
-        # Default: 1 Wort (z.B. int16/uint16)
-        return 1
 
-    def read_one(self, address_excel: int, rtype: str) -> Optional[float]:
+    # ---------------- Hilfsfunktionen ----------------
-        """
+    def _read_string(self, addr: int, words: int) -> Optional[str]:
-        Liest einen Wert nach Typ ('INT' oder 'REAL' etc.).
+        regs = self._read_regs(addr, words)
-        Es werden ausschließlich Register < 40206 gelesen.
+        if regs is None:
-        """
-        addr = int(address_excel)
-        words = self._word_count_for_type(rtype)
-
-        # 2) Harte Grenze prüfen: höchstes angefasstes Register muss < 40206 sein
-        if addr + words - 1 >= MAX_ADDR_EXCLUSIVE:
-            # Überspringen, da der Lesevorgang die Grenze >= 40206 berühren würde
             return None
+        return self._read_string_from_regs(regs)
 
-        if words == 2:
+    def _read_scaled(self, value_addr: int, sf_addr: int) -> Optional[float]:
-            regs = self._read_any(addr, 2)
+        regs = self._read_regs(value_addr, 1)
-            if not regs or len(regs) < 2:
+        sf   = self._read_regs(sf_addr, 1)
-                return None
+        if regs is None or sf is None:
-            # Deine bisherige Logik interpretiert 2 Worte als Float32:
+            return None
-            return self._to_f32_from_two(regs[0], regs[1])
+        raw = self._to_int16(regs[0])
-        else:
+        sff = self._to_int16(sf[0])
-            regs = self._read_any(addr, 1)
+        return self._apply_sf(raw, sff)
-            if not regs:
-                return None
-            return float(self._to_i16(regs[0]))
 
+    def _read_u32_with_sf(self, value_addr: int, sf_addr: int) -> Optional[float]:
+        regs = self._read_regs(value_addr, 2)
+        sf   = self._read_regs(sf_addr, 1)
+        if regs is None or sf is None:
+            return None
+        u32 = (regs[0] << 16) | regs[1]
+        sff = self._to_int16(sf[0])
+        return self._apply_sf(u32, sff)
+
+    # ---------------- Öffentliche API ----------------
     def get_state(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
-        """
+        """Liest exakt die bekannten Register und gibt ein Dict zurück."""
-        Liest ALLE Register aus self.registers und gibt dict zurück.
+        state: Dict[str, Any] = {}
-        Achtet darauf, dass keine Adresse (inkl. Mehrwort) >= 40206 gelesen wird.
+
-        """
+        # --- Common Block ---
-        data = {"Zeit": time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")}
+        state["C_Manufacturer"] = self._read_string(40004, 16)
-        for address, meta in sorted(self.registers.items()):
+        state["C_Model"]        = self._read_string(40020, 16)
-            words = self._word_count_for_type(meta["type"])
+        state["C_Version"]      = self._read_string(40044, 8)
-            # 3) Nochmals Schutz auf Ebene der Iteration:
+        state["C_SerialNumber"] = self._read_string(40052, 16)
-            if address + words - 1 >= MAX_ADDR_EXCLUSIVE:
+
-                continue
+        # --- Inverter Block ---
-            val = self.read_one(address, meta["type"])
+        state["I_AC_Power_W"]        = self._read_scaled(40083, 40084)
-            if val is None:
+        state["I_AC_Voltage_V"]      = self._read_scaled(40079, 40082)
-                continue
+        state["I_AC_Frequency_Hz"]   = self._read_scaled(40085, 40086)
-            key = f"{address} - {meta['desc']}"
+        state["I_DC_Power_W"]        = self._read_scaled(40100, 40101)
-            data[key] = val
+        state["I_AC_Energy_Wh_total"] = self._read_u32_with_sf(40093, 40095)
-        return data
+
+        status_regs = self._read_regs(40107, 2)
+        if status_regs:
+            state["I_Status"] = status_regs[0]
+            state["I_Status_Vendor"] = status_regs[1]
+        else:
+            state["I_Status"] = None
+            state["I_Status_Vendor"] = None
+
+        return state
+
+
+# ---------------- Beispiel ----------------
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    MODBUS_IP = "192.168.1.112"
+    MODBUS_PORT = 502
+
+    master = PvInverter("solaredge_master", MODBUS_IP, port=MODBUS_PORT, unit_id=1)
+    slave  = PvInverter("solaredge_slave",  MODBUS_IP, port=MODBUS_PORT, unit_id=3)
+
+    try:
+        sm = master.get_state()
+        ss = slave.get_state()
+
+        print("\n=== MASTER ===")
+        for k, v in sm.items():
+            print(f"{k:22s}: {v}")
+
+        print("\n=== SLAVE ===")
+        for k, v in ss.items():
+            print(f"{k:22s}: {v}")
+
+    finally:
+        master.close()
+        slave.close()

requirements.txt

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 pymodbus~=3.8.6
 pandas
 openpyxl
-sshtunnel
+sshtunnel
+pvlib

simulators/pv_plant_simulator.py

@@ -0,0 +1,210 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from typing import Optional, Dict, List, Literal, Tuple, Union
+
+import numpy as np
+import pandas as pd
+import pvlib
+import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+from pvlib.location import Location
+from pvlib.pvsystem import PVSystem
+from pvlib.modelchain import ModelChain
+
+SeriesOrArray = Union[pd.Series, np.ndarray]
+
+# ----------------------------- Konfiguration -----------------------------
+
+@dataclass
+class PvWattsSubarrayConfig:
+    name: str
+    pdc0_w: float                   # STC-DC-Leistung [W]
+    tilt_deg: float                 # Neigung (0=horizontal)
+    azimuth_deg: float              # Azimut (180=Süd)
+    gamma_pdc: float = -0.004       # Tempkoeff. [1/K]
+    eta_inv_nom: float = 0.96       # WR-Wirkungsgrad (nominal)
+    albedo: float = 0.2             # Bodenreflexion
+
+    # Pauschale Verluste (PVWatts-Losses)
+    dc_loss: float = 0.0
+    ac_loss: float = 0.0
+    soiling: float = 0.0
+
+    # Modell
+    transposition_model: Literal["perez","haydavies","isotropic","klucher","reindl"] = "perez"
+
+
+# ------------------------------ Subarray ---------------------------------
+
+class PvWattsSubarray:
+    """
+    Ein Subarray mit pvlib.ModelChain (PVWatts).
+    Berechnet automatisch DNI/DHI aus GHI (ERBS-Methode)
+    und nutzt ein SAPM-Temperaturmodell.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, cfg: PvWattsSubarrayConfig, location: Location):
+        self.cfg = cfg
+        self.location = location
+        self._mc: Optional[ModelChain] = None
+
+    # ---------------------------------------------------------------------
+    def _create_modelchain(self) -> ModelChain:
+        """Erzeuge eine pvlib.ModelChain-Instanz mit PVWatts-Parametern."""
+        temp_params = pvlib.temperature.TEMPERATURE_MODEL_PARAMETERS["sapm"]["open_rack_glass_polymer"]
+
+        system = PVSystem(
+            surface_tilt=self.cfg.tilt_deg,
+            surface_azimuth=self.cfg.azimuth_deg,
+            module_parameters={"pdc0": self.cfg.pdc0_w, "gamma_pdc": self.cfg.gamma_pdc},
+            inverter_parameters={"pdc0": self.cfg.pdc0_w, "eta_inv_nom": self.cfg.eta_inv_nom},
+            albedo=self.cfg.albedo,
+            temperature_model_parameters=temp_params,
+            module_type="glass_polymer",
+            racking_model="open_rack",
+        )
+
+        mc = ModelChain(
+            system, self.location,
+            transposition_model=self.cfg.transposition_model,
+            solar_position_method="nrel_numpy",
+            airmass_model="kastenyoung1989",
+            dc_model="pvwatts",
+            ac_model="pvwatts",
+            aoi_model="physical",
+            spectral_model=None,
+            losses_model="pvwatts",
+            temperature_model="sapm",
+        )
+
+        mc.losses_parameters = {
+            "dc_loss": float(self.cfg.dc_loss),
+            "ac_loss": float(self.cfg.ac_loss),
+            "soiling": float(self.cfg.soiling),
+        }
+
+        self._mc = mc
+        return mc
+
+    # ---------------------------------------------------------------------
+    def calc_dni_and_dhi(self, weather: pd.DataFrame) -> pd.DataFrame:
+        """
+        Berechnet DNI & DHI aus GHI über die ERBS-Methode.
+        Gibt ein neues DataFrame mit 'ghi', 'dni', 'dhi' zurück.
+        """
+        if "ghi" not in weather:
+            raise ValueError("Wetterdaten benötigen mindestens 'ghi'.")
+        # Sonnenstand bestimmen
+        sp = self.location.get_solarposition(weather.index)
+        erbs = pvlib.irradiance.erbs(weather["ghi"], sp["zenith"], weather.index)
+        out = weather.copy()
+        out["dni"] = erbs["dni"].clip(lower=0)
+        out["dhi"] = erbs["dhi"].clip(lower=0)
+        return out
+
+    # ---------------------------------------------------------------------
+    def _prepare_weather(self, weather: pd.DataFrame) -> pd.DataFrame:
+        """Sichert vollständige Spalten (ghi, dni, dhi, temp_air, wind_speed)."""
+        if "ghi" not in weather or "temp_air" not in weather:
+            raise ValueError("weather benötigt Spalten: 'ghi' und 'temp_air'.")
+
+        w = weather.copy()
+
+        # Zeitzone prüfen
+        if w.index.tz is None:
+            w.index = w.index.tz_localize(self.location.tz)
+        else:
+            if str(w.index.tz) != str(self.location.tz):
+                w = w.tz_convert(self.location.tz)
+
+        # Wind default
+        if "wind_speed" not in w:
+            w["wind_speed"] = 1.0
+
+        # DNI/DHI ergänzen (immer mit ERBS)
+        if "dni" not in w or "dhi" not in w:
+            w = self.calc_dni_and_dhi(w)
+
+        return w
+
+    # ---------------------------------------------------------------------
+    def get_power(self, weather: pd.DataFrame) -> pd.Series:
+        """
+        Berechnet AC-Leistung aus Wetterdaten.
+        """
+        w = self._prepare_weather(weather)
+        mc = self._create_modelchain()
+        mc.run_model(weather=w)
+        return mc.results.ac.rename(self.cfg.name)
+
+
+# ------------------------------- Anlage ----------------------------------
+
+class PvWattsPlant:
+    """
+    Eine PV-Anlage mit mehreren Subarrays, die ein gemeinsames Wetter-DataFrame nutzt.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, site: Location, subarray_cfgs: List[PvWattsSubarrayConfig]):
+        self.site = site
+        self.subs: Dict[str, PvWattsSubarray] = {c.name: PvWattsSubarray(c, site) for c in subarray_cfgs}
+
+    def get_power(
+        self,
+        weather: pd.DataFrame,
+        *,
+        return_breakdown: bool = False
+    ) -> pd.Series | Tuple[pd.Series, Dict[str, pd.Series]]:
+        """Berechne Gesamtleistung und optional Einzel-Subarrays."""
+        parts: Dict[str, pd.Series] = {name: sub.get_power(weather) for name, sub in self.subs.items()}
+
+        # gemeinsamen Index bilden
+        idx = list(parts.values())[0].index
+        for s in parts.values():
+            idx = idx.intersection(s.index)
+        parts = {k: v.reindex(idx).fillna(0.0) for k, v in parts.items()}
+
+        total = sum(parts.values())
+        total.name = "total_ac"
+
+        if return_breakdown:
+            return total, parts
+        return total
+
+
+# --------------------------- Beispielnutzung -----------------------------
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    # Standort
+    site = Location(latitude=52.52, longitude=13.405, altitude=35, tz="Europe/Berlin", name="Berlin")
+
+    # Zeitachse: 1 Tag, 15-minütig
+    times = pd.date_range("2025-06-21 00:00", "2025-06-21 23:45", freq="15min", tz=site.tz)
+
+    # Dummy-Wetter
+    ghi = 1000 * np.clip(np.sin(np.linspace(0, np.pi, len(times)))**1.2, 0, None)
+    temp_air = 16 + 8 * np.clip(np.sin(np.linspace(-np.pi/2, np.pi/2, len(times))), 0, None)
+    wind = np.full(len(times), 1.0)
+    weather = pd.DataFrame(index=times)
+    weather["ghi"] = ghi
+    weather["temp_air"] = temp_air
+    weather["wind_speed"] = wind
+
+    # Zwei Subarrays
+    cfgs = [
+        PvWattsSubarrayConfig(name="Sued_30", pdc0_w=6000, tilt_deg=30, azimuth_deg=180, dc_loss=0.02, ac_loss=0.01),
+        PvWattsSubarrayConfig(name="West_20", pdc0_w=4000, tilt_deg=20, azimuth_deg=270, soiling=0.02),
+    ]
+    plant = PvWattsPlant(site, cfgs)
+
+    # Simulation
+    total, parts = plant.get_power(weather, return_breakdown=True)
+
+    # Plot
+    plt.figure(figsize=(10, 6))
+    plt.plot(total.index, total / 1000, label="Gesamtleistung (AC)", linewidth=2, color="black")
+    for name, s in parts.items():
+        plt.plot(s.index, s / 1000, label=name)
+    plt.title("PV-Leistung (PVWatts, ERBS-Methode für DNI/DHI)")
+    plt.ylabel("Leistung [kW]")
+    plt.xlabel("Zeit")
+    plt.legend()
+    plt.grid(True, linestyle="--", alpha=0.5)
+    plt.tight_layout()
+    plt.show()